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Andersonville Prison by 
A depiction of Andersonville Prison by John L. Ransom
Camp Sumter (also known as Andersonville Prison), located near Andersonville, Georgia, was Confederate prisoner-of-war camp during the final twelve months of the American Civil War. Most of the prison lies in southwestern Macon County, adjacent to the east side of the town of Andersonville. The prison was made in February 1864 and served to April 1865.
The prison was commanded by Captain Henry Wirz, who was tried and executed after the war for war crimes. It was overcrowded to four times its capacity, with an inadequate water supply, inadequate food rations, and unsanitary conditions. Of the approximately 45,000 Union prisoners held at Camp Sumter during the war, nearly 13,000 died. The chief causes of death were scurvy, diarrhea, and dysentery.